Midsummer heat can be tough on tomato plants. Blossom drop, sunscald, and fruit cracking are common problems that can significantly reduce your harvest. But don’t worry, with a few adjustments, you can keep your tomatoes thriving even in the hottest weather.
Watering Wisely
Consistent watering is crucial. Uneven watering, especially after a dry spell, is the primary cause of fruit cracking.
Deep watering: Water deeply and less frequently (2-3 times a week) to encourage deep root growth. Aim for 1-2 inches of water per week, depending on rainfall.
Water early in the morning so the foliage has time to dry before the heat of the day, minimizing fungal diseases.
Mulch: Apply a thick layer of organic mulch (straw, wood chips, or compost) around the base of the plants to retain moisture, regulate soil temperature, and suppress weeds. Mulch helps to maintain even soil moisture levels, which is key to preventing cracking.
Avoid overhead watering: Watering from above can encourage fungal diseases, especially in humid conditions. Use a soaker hose or drip irrigation to deliver water directly to the roots.
Sun Protection
Tomatoes are sun-loving plants, but too much direct sun can lead to sunscald, causing white or yellow patches on the fruit.
Provide shade: During the hottest part of the day, provide some shade with shade cloth, row covers, or even strategically placed taller plants. Aim for about 30-50% shade.
Ensure adequate foliage: Healthy foliage protects the fruit from direct sunlight. Prune suckers sparingly during heat waves, as they can provide valuable shade.
White wash: Apply a diluted white wash of kaolin clay to the fruits to reflect sunlight and reduce the risk of sunscald.
Fertilizing for Heat Stress
Heat stress can hinder nutrient uptake. A balanced fertilizer with micronutrients can help your plants cope.
Liquid feed: Use a liquid fertilizer diluted to half strength every 2-3 weeks. This provides a readily available source of nutrients.
Harvesting Tips
Pick early: Harvest tomatoes in the early morning before they heat up. This helps to prevent cracking.
Don’t wait too long: Pick tomatoes when they are fully colored but still firm. Overripe tomatoes are more likely to crack.